Medical Tourism in the Post-Pandemic Era: Experience from Thailand

COVID-19 has reshaped Thailand’s medical tourism sector, where commonly cited foreign patient figures contribute to optimistic policy expectations. The industry is unlikely to significantly worsen medical brain drain, as services for international patients largely differ from those required by local populations. Post-pandemic developments include continued expansion of smaller wellness providers, drawing newly graduated medical doctors into this segment. Intensifying price competition among providers may create quality uncertainties and “lemon market” conditions. These dynamics highlight the importance of stronger monitoring mechanisms and regulatory frameworks to manage risks and support more balanced and sustainable sector development over time.

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