Indonesia's Strategic Dependencies
Indonesia’s pursuit of becoming an advanced economy by 2045 is challenged by concentrated trade, investment, and supply chain dependencies that heighten its exposure to geopolitical and economic shocks. Strategic vulnerabilities are evident in key sectors such as food, energy, technology, and pharmaceuticals, with heavy reliance on a few countries—especially China—for exports, imports, and foreign investment. To reduce these risks, policy priorities include diversifying economic partners, strengthening domestic production capacity, adopting a forward-looking risk management framework, and deepening regional cooperation to ensure supply chain resilience and long-term economic stability.